Phenacetin Basic Information

 

Phenacetin, a painkiller, was the world’s first synthetic pharmaceutical drug. It was one of the first painkillers that was not derived from while at the same time being absent of antiinflammatory qualities. Phenacetinwas developed in 1878 by an American chemist, Harmon Northrop Morse. It was introduced into the pharmaceutical market in 1887. However, it was withdrawn in 1983 in the United States due to unacceptable levels of interstitial nephritis in patients and potential risks of tumorigenicity. Like in the United States, most Western countries did not ban phenacetin from marketing until 1983. Phenacetin is a component of APC.

 

Product Name:	Phenacetin
Synonyms:	ACETOPHENETIDIN;ACETOPHENETIDINE;ACET-P-PHENETIDINE;ACETYL-P-PHENETIDINE;1-ACETYL-P-PHENETIDIN;4-ACETOPHENETIDIDE;4-acetophenetidine;4'-ETHOXYACETANILIDE
CAS:	62-44-2
MF:	C10H13NO2
MW:	179.22
EINECS:	200-533-0
Product Categories:	Others;Amines;Aromatics;Intermediates & Fine Chemicals;Pharmaceuticals;organic interme;Organics;Other APIs;API;62-44-2

 

Phenacetin Chemical Properties

 

Melting point	133-136 °C (lit.)
Boiling point	132 °C / 4mmHg
density	1.1248 (rough estimate)
refractive index	1.5710
Fp	2℃
storage temp.	Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
pka	pKa 2.2(H2O) (Uncertain);3.5(aqueous acetone) (Uncertain)
form	powder
color	White
Water Solubility	0.076 g/100 mL
Sensitive	Hygroscopic
Merck	14,7204
BRN	1869238
Stability:	Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids.

 

Phenacetin Usage

 

Uses

Phenacetin was used as an analgesic and fever-reducing drug in both human and veterinary medicine for many years. It was introduced into therapy in 1887 and was extensively used in analgesic mixtures until it was implicated in kidney disease (nephropathy) due to abuse of analgesics (Flower et al. 1985) and was withdrawn from the U.S. market in 1983 (Ronco and Flahault 1994, FDA 1998, 1999). Phenacetin also was previously used as a stabilizer for hydrogen peroxide in hair-bleaching preparations (IARC 1980, HSDB 2009).

Indications and Usage

Phenacetin is mainly used as an antipyretic analgesic, with slow and lasting effects, treating headaches, neuralgia, joint pain, and fever, and weakly resisting rheumatism and inflammation. Because of toxic side effects and the rapid development of similar drugs, however, it is no longer used alone, only as a raw material in combination with other drugs. Commonly combined with aspirin  to form a less toxic compound aspirin used to treat the common cold. Can make chlorpheniramine cold tablets by adding a small amount of chlorpheniramine to the above compound, used to treat colds with headache, neuralgia, rheumatism, etc. Can be used as a material for organic synthesis or a pharmaceutical intermediate.

Application

 

Phenacetin is mainly used as an antipyretic analgesic, with slow and lasting effects, treating headaches, neuralgia, joint pain, and fever, and weakly resisting rheumatism and inflammation. Because of toxic side effects and the rapid development of similar drugs, however, it is no longer used alone, only as a raw material in combination with other drugs. Commonly combined with aspiri to form a less toxic compound aspirin used to treat the common cold. Can make chlorpheniramine cold tablets by adding a small amount of chlorpheniramine to the above compound, used to treat colds with headache, neuralgia, rheumatism, etc. Can be used as a material for organic synthesis or a pharmaceutical intermediate.

 

 

 

 

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